How to teach your child to program (and beyond)

The discussion about whether all modern children need to learn programming, because "programming is a second literacy", has been going on since the middle of the last century.

Let's try to slightly broaden this discussion and see what role the computer, as a tool, can play in shaping children's style of thinking and modern scientific worldview. Let's talk not only about programming, but also about generative art, Data Science, maker science, and artificial intelligence.