Good Software Engineer — who is this?

Let's talk about the best qualities of professionals in the software industry. Let's start with the terminology, to make sure we are talking about the same things, and then let's look at all the major stages of becoming a specialist. What experiences we gain at each stage, what we encounter and what we move on with. We will clarify all the aspects that form a person, about whom we can then confidently say - here is a good specialist.